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Information about the new generation environment
23. May 2018 at 15:20
by Balram Gupta
The environment is defined as the surroundings in which the organism lives. The environment may be the physical environment, the chemical environment or the biological environment. Thus, the environment has two components - abiotic and biotic. The abiotic environment includes the air (atmosphere), water (hydrosphere) and land (lithosphere). The biotic environment includes the plants, animals and the microbes abiotic and biotic are the types of environment.
Organisms are dependent on the environment to fulfill their needs; man is also constantly interacting with the environment in order to fulfill his needs. These needs include the basic needs of oxygen, food, and shelter in addition to the social needs like entertainment, medicines, etc. The things that man requires for his survival and comfort are called the resources. The environment is a reservoir of resources. Maintaining the natural resources of the environment and their careful use is called conservation. The conservation of environment involves the conservation of the natural resources.

A healthy environment is an absolute necessity for the well-being of all organisms, including man. All our needs, big and small are being met by the environment. However, man has reached the pinnacle of evolution is trying to bring about changes in the environment to suit his convenience. Unfortunately, this convenience is temporary. In the long run, man is losing out on a healthy environment.


Nowadays the word environment is often being used by almost all people around us, on television and in newspapers. Everyone is speaking about the protection and pre-serration of the environment. Global summits are being held regularly to discuss environmental issues. During the last hundred years, the mutual relationship among environment, social organization, and culture has been discussed in sociology, anthropology, and geography. All this shows the increasing importance of the environment. Besides, it is a fact that life is tied to the environment.

Social sciences have borrowed the concept of ecology from biology. As a branch of biology, ecology is the study of the relationship between living beings and their environment. Sociology has been greatly influenced by biology. Sociology also studies the relationship between man and environment through ecology. Field of study of human ecology in sociology is centered around man and his environment.

The credit of beginning the study of human ecology in the field of sociology goes to Park and Burgess. There exists a close relationship between man and environment. On the one hand, man is born in the environment and establishes harmony with the environment. On the other hand, man tries to control his environment and change it according to his requirements. Hence it requires an understanding of the environment of which man is a part.


Meaning and Definition:
The term environment has been derived from a French word “Environia” means to surround. It refers to both abiotic (physical or non-living) and biotic (living) environment. The word environment means surroundings, in which organisms live. Environment and the organisms are two dynamic and complex component of nature. Environment regulates the life of the organisms including human beings. Human beings interact with the environment more vigorously than other living beings. Ordinarily, environment refers to the materials and forces that surround the living organism.

The environment is the total sum of conditions that surround us at a given point in time and space. It is comprised of the interacting systems of physical, biological and cultural elements which are interlinked both individually and collectively. The environment is the sum total of conditions in which an organism has to survive or maintain its life process. It influences the growth and development of living forms.

In other words, environment refers to those surroundings that surround living beings from all sides and affect their lives in total. It consists of atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere. Its chief components are soil, water, air, organisms and solar energy. It has provided us all the resources for leading a comfortable life.

1. According to P. Gisbert, “Environment is anything immediately surrounding an object and exerting a direct influence on it.”

2. According to E. J. Ross “Environment is an external force which influences us.”

Thus, environment refers to anything that is immediately surrounding an object and exerting a direct influence on it. Our environment refers to those things or agencies which though distinct from us, affect our life or activity. The environment by which man is surrounded and affected by factors which may be natural, artificial, social, biological and psychological.


Components of Environment:
Environment mainly consists of atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere. But it can be roughly divided into two types such as (a) Microenvironment and (b) Macro environment. It can also be divided into two other types such as (c) Physical and (d) biotic environment.

(a) Microenvironment refers to the immediate local surrounding of the organism.

(b) Macro environment refers to all the physical and biotic conditions that surround the organism externally.

(c) Physical environment refers to all abiotic factors or conditions like temperature, light, rainfall, soil, minerals etc. It comprises of atmosphere, lithosphere, and hydrosphere.

(d) Biotic environment includes all biotic factors or living forms like plants, animals, Micro-organisms.


Cite This Article As: Balram Gupta. " Information about the new generation environment." International Youth Journal, 23. May 2018.

Link To Article: https://youth-journal.org/information-about-the-new-generation-environment





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